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7/30/2021

Del Rio, Texas and the Border Crisis: An Insider's Perspective

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​Del Rio, Texas, as a border town, is not at all immune to issues arising from illegal immigration. While illegal border crossings have always occurred in and around Del Rio, as in every border town, the recent wave of illegal traffic along the US-Mexico border since the election of President Biden has resulted in Del Rio, Texas – among many other border towns, especially in Arizona and Texas – making national headlines on a near daily-basis. 
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A Texas State Trooper looks on as several illegal immigrants cross the Rio Grande River into Del Rio, Texas. Source: Daily Caller Jorge Ventura
Videos of illegal immigrants freely crossing shallow water of the Rio Grande from Ciudad Acuña, Coahuila, Mexico onto US soil along Vega Verde Road in Del Rio and immediately surrendering to awaiting Border Patrol and local law enforcement have captured the attention of millions of Americans. Human traffickers in plain sight, escorting illegal immigrants from over 70 countries, wait on the river on the Mexican side, free to conduct their booming enterprise without fear of apprehension by US law enforcement.  ​
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A surge of about 300 illegal immigrants (mostly from Haiti) at the border fence, allowed in for processing under the surveillance of US Border Patrol and Texas State Troopers. Source; New York Post / @BILLFOXLA
Bus stops and the surrounding stores, fast-food restaurants, and sidewalks in Del Rio, Texas are crowded with illegal family units – many from countries such as Haiti, Venezuela, and several African countries. Many have several young children, and some of the ladies also appear pregnant. Locals (who are very against illegal immigration) don’t even pay too much attention anymore, and law enforcement drives right on past unless a big issue arises – it’s just another day since the crisis began.
​
So, what is life like in Del Rio, Texas, in the mix of this surge?
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Fox News coverage of immigrants who have just crossed the Rio Grande River illegally to private property on Vega Verde Road in Del Rio, Texas
Many people who have just moved to the area, or are visiting, have told me that they expected Del Rio to be a tightly-gripped police-state, practically under martial law. From the various media outlets’ portrayal of the border issues, I can see how that impression might be given. But it’s not true, not for Del Rio.
​
In fact, I’ve never felt safer. I’ve never felt unsafe in Del Rio – even for my family’s sake. I’ve lived in places where murders and armed robberies were a practical nightly occurrence. Del Rio has never been like that, and continues to rank as one of the safest cities in Texas. 
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US Border Patrol mounted unit (on horses) and Department of Homeland Security agents are seen after apprehending several illegal immigrants south of Del Rio near Carrizo Springs, Texas, with a DHS Helicopter above. Source: US Border Patrol
​Not only has Governor Greg Abbott sent hundreds (to thousands) of Texas State Troopers and other state law enforcement officers to the border to protect Texas state sovereignty (he even plans on funding President Trump’s border wall), but law enforcement officers from around the country are also prevalent in Del Rio – Florida State Police, Ohio Highway Patrol, Nebraska State Police, and Iowa State Police. I’ve even seen a sheriff’s jeep from somewhere in Florida driving through town. Both Governor Abbot and Governor DeSantis of Florida have visited Del Rio, and held a joint conference at the airport. 
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Florida State Trooper seen near Del Rio, Texas, assisting local, state, and federal law enforcement along the US-Mexico Border. Source: Twitter
Hotels in Del Rio are filled to maximum capacity, with almost nothing but Texas DPS cruisers in every parking spot. In a five-minute drive down Veteran’s Boulevard (Highway 90) the other day, I counted six DPS troopers patrolling the roadway. While driving west toward Comstock, Texas, the roadsides – which would normally be spattered with Border Patrol, were packed with both marked and unmarked law enforcement vehicles.

​These troopers are here because while Border Patrol is so busy apprehending docile family units crossing illegally at the Rio Grande, human smugglers and drug-traffickers are having a heyday transporting contraband (including humans against their will). But the increased law enforcement presence is attempting to curb that. 
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Governor Greg Abbott (Texas, right) and Governor Ron DeSantis (Florida, center) holding a joint conference at Del Rio International Airport. Florida, among other states, have sent law enforcement personnel and resources to aid Texas in the state's response to the surge in illegal immigration and drug/human trafficking. Source; Texas.gov
Truly, it would be almost impossible to get away with anything illegal in Del Rio right now.
​
It’s not unsafe at all, here. I rode my bicycle a few months back along Vega Verde Road, just for exercise. I road past the now-famous location seen on Fox News where thousands of illegals are seen wading across the Rio Grande. On the Mexican side, Mexican families were enjoying a day at the river. On the American side, patriotic Americans had US and Texas flags flying on their boat docks. Just another day on the river. 
​In town, the influx of law enforcement has allowed some of the city police and county deputies to return to their normal duties of patrolling the city and county. While the Val Verde County Sheriff’s Office remains heavily taxed, especially due to the jailing of so many captured human smugglers, Del Rio Police Department has largely been able to keep a handle on the day-to-day patrolling of the city limits – and there hasn’t been any notable increase in crime. 
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Illegal Immigrants stepping foot on the Texas bank of the Rio Grande River in Del Rio, Texas. Source: Jessica Phelps /San Antonio Express-News
The reason is two-fold.
​
First, the vast majority of illegal immigrants are not criminals. They don’t want trouble, and they are respectful, well-mannered people. They are simply fleeing their broken countries. I don’t have to agree with their reason for illegally entering the United States under broken immigration policies to understand that they are humans, and that they ultimately just want a better life for their families. They don’t cause trouble. And, Del Rio does a great job of processing illegal immigrants, and send them on their way. The illegal immigrants really aren’t interested in settling in Del Rio, so every effort is made to get them on a bus and sent to San Antonio, where they disperse to their destination of choice. They don’t have time to cause any trouble, even if they actually wanted to. 
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Governor Greg Abbott of Texas during a visit to Del Rio, Texas, vowing to send resources and funding to border communities to protect the soverinty of the State of Texas, including funding to continue to construction of the border wall. Source: KSAT News
​Second, Del Rio sits on the border-side of the highway checkpoints. Border Patrol checkpoints require all vehicle traffic to stop for inspection. They are a second-layer of protection between the Customs checkpoint at the actual border and the rest of the United States. Between the border and these checkpoints, organized criminal activity does everything it can to fly under-the-radar. They don’t cause issues. There is simply too much surveillance and law enforcement. These criminals do everything in their power to get their contraband on the other side of the checkpoint as quickly and quietly as possible, where they can then freely operate across the United States under far less law enforcement pressure. This makes Del Rio very safe, but surrounding towns outside of the checkpoints much more dangerous. 
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Law Enforcement officers in Del Rio, Texas, displaying their agency patches, including Florida State Police (left), Nebraska State Police (left center), Texas DPS (right center), and US Border Patrol (right). Source: KLTV/Associated Press
​So, all-in-all, while the media has the story partially correct, Del Rio remains a safe place – perhaps safer than ever. Those who need to be most concerned about reaping the first, second, and third-order consequences of this crisis of illegal immigration are those in the cities removed from the border. 

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10/5/2019

Orders to Del Rio, Texas? The Quick Need-To-Knows

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Del Rio Civic Center, Del Rio, Texas
If you have orders to Laughlin AFB in Del Rio, Texas, chances are that unless you personally requested them, you may be a tad disappointed.  Don't worry, most folks don't have the greatest enthusiasm right off the bat, either.  

My biggest piece of advice - don't listen to anyone, or anything - that hasn't lived here.  I can't tell you the number of people that gave me weird looks when I said my family was moving to Del Rio, and how many people remarked "eww" and "who did you piss off?".  But these people had never experienced Del Rio - they simply ignorantly classified the town with all other cartel-infested border towns that politics, the media, and Hollywood would like you to believe is the case.  But, it's not true.
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Sign near Del Rio, Texas. Photo by Beautiful Del Rio Texas
The Del Rio area is home to several state parks (Seminole Canyon, Devils River, Devils Sinkhole, Kickapoo Caverns, Lost Maples, Garner, and more), a National Recreation Area (basically, just like a National Park) known as Lake Amistad and known for its bass fishing, several rivers (Rio Grande, Devils River, Pecos River, and nearby Nueces & Frio Rivers, among others), a city creek with several swimming holes, a waterfall, and rope swings, historic Fort Clark (in nearby Brackettville), the world famous Super-Bull George Paul Memorial bull riding event, and more.  

In short, Del Rio isn't short on attractions or things to do, nor is it a pit of doom, like some folks - who have never lived here - will say. 
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River landscape near Del Rio, Texas. Sign near Del Rio, Texas. Photo by Beautiful Del Rio Texas
Del Rio's crime rate puts it at one of the safest in the State of Texas.  In fact, even witnessing a crime is rare.  Most people are generally honest, and live a slower pace of life than folks that are used to the hustle and bustle. The amount of law enforcement in Del Rio, between local, state, and federal agencies, makes it a good chance that your neighbor is probably an officer of the law, especially on the north side of town.

Del Rio has several neighborhoods, with the Alta Vista, Buena Vista, Reservation, and Ceniza Hills being the most popular among military and federal employees.  You can find a very nice house in these parts of town, and not have to worry about your kids playing in the streets.  Lake Amistad living is also available, outside of the city limits, and more expensive.
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Val Verde County Sheriff deputies. Photo by Beautiful Del Rio Texas
South Del Rio is more historic, with large mansions and lots of trees, and many of the original Del Rio families still live there.  Central Del Rio (basically the numbered and lettered streets) is modest living, with both older and newer homes and a higher concentration of long-term Del Rio locals. 

The San Felipe neighborhood, which constitutes just about everything south and east of San Felipe Creek, used to be it's own town before it was annexed by Del Rio years ago. Many of the original San Felipe natives still live there and take pride in their neighborhood legacy and culture, which is almost entirely Hispanic.
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American Airlines landing in Del Rio, Texas
Del Rio does have a commercial airport, serviced affordably by American Airlines twice per day.  Amtrak is also available a couple days each week.  Both San Antonio and San Angelo are about a two-and-a-half hour drive away, which becomes a "drive down the street" after so many times of doing it.

Del Rio has a hospital, a Walmart, an H-E-B (grocery store), and several home furnishing stores, hardware stores, and auto parts stores.  There are plenty of restaurants, too, from typical Mexican food, to Tex-Mex, to barbecue and steak houses, pizza, and even Asian food. Nightlife isn't a big thing in Del Rio, but there are a few places to go for late-night drinks and a social atmosphere. In Acuña (Mexico), the nightlife is more abundant.
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The Del Rio Community Garden in the San Felipe neighborhood set up for a Beer Garden event
There are also several social clubs in town - everything from Rotary, VFW, Lions, and Boy Scouts to Bible study groups, Chamber of Commerce, Library book clubs, Dance clubs, STEM clubs, a Wine club, Art clubs, Karate clubs, and more.
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The Val Verde Winery in south Del Rio, Texas
If school is an issue, don't let it be. Between the public school system, several private, alternative, and Christian schools, and a large homeschooling group as well as a community college, most families do not run into issues regarding school choices.
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The railroad tracks in Del Rio. Sign near Del Rio, Texas. Photo by Beautiful Del Rio Texas
So, don't fret.  I always encourage newcomers to explore the area with an open mind upon arrival.  Unfortunately, many families do not come with open minds, and they barricade themselves and their families on Laughlin AFB.  Do yourself a favor, don't do this! You'll be miss out on a great experience. 

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5/6/2019

Become a Weather Observer, Volunteer With CoCoRaHS! A Great Experience For Young Children & Senior Citizens Alike

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​Community Collaborative Rain, Hail, and Snow Network (CoCoRaHS) is a non-profit weather observing network with thousands of volunteers across the United States, Canada, and The Bahamas.  These volunteer weather observers take daily weather reports from their homes and businesses and submit them to the CoCoRaHS database, which is used to help meteorologists create forecasts, publish weather alerts to save lives and property, and assist in the diverse professional meteorology community. 

The best part about it – it only takes a few minutes each day, you can do it from home, and the only requirement is to have enthusiasm about watching and reporting the weather, with a desire to learn. 
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CoCoRaHS Standard Rain Gauge
While the largest component to CoCoRaHS is recording rainfall and snowfall data across North America, other weather data such as hail, evapotranspiration, soil moisture, thunderstorms, frost, flooding, drought, solar optics, and other weather phenomena are encouraged to be reported, providing you are equipped with the correct equipment and training. 
What’s really cool is that CoCoRaHS is utilized in the United States by the National Weather Service and other professional meteorological agencies.  If you record an inch of rain at your house and report it to CoCoRaHS via their online platform, the National Weather Service and other meteorologists will use it to assist in forecasting.  If you report large hail, flooding, or other dangerous weather – your report will be documented and remain valuable for research, insurance claims, damage surveys, among other professional uses.  Weekly condition monitoring reports are also submitted by hundreds to thousands of users to assist in drought monitoring.
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Daily Precipitation Report Map of the Continental United States Comprised of Data From CoCoRaHS Observers
​Here’s the thing – it’s so easy to become a part of the program, my toddler daughter even does it with me.  While I’m a professional meteorologist, it’s an absolute blast walking out each morning with my youngster who is still trying to learn her ABC’s to check the rain gauge.  Through the routine, she learns the very basics about weather and its effects, about the responsibility of making accurate reports, about getting work done on time, and – very important – that Dad’s job is pretty cool.  
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How To Get Started With CoCoRaHS
So, how do you start?

It’s easy! Go to CoCoRaHS.org, then click “Join CoCoRaHS” on the left side of the webpage.  Volunteering is absolutely free, but you will need to purchase a high-quality rain gauge of certain specifications before you can make rainfall reports to ensure that reports are standardized across the network using the same equipment.  I’ve listed some websites below (price may or may not include shipping). There is also online training on the CoCoRaHS website, and a local coordinator will get in touch with you to assist in any questions you may have. That’s it!
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​It’s so easy, everyone should do it. Become an important part of CoCoRaHS today!

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8/6/2018

Del Rio, Texas – Why It’s Become Our Home

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​In the military, there’s the dream duty locations – Hawaii, Europe, Florida, and so on, depending on what your taste is.  And, there are the locations that most try to avoid – and Laughlin AFB in Del Rio, Texas is one of those.

​It’s been said many times by military folks here, Laughlin is the Air Force’s best force-shaping tool. In layman’s terms, “force-shaping” is synonymous with “trim the fat” or “to weed out”.  In other words, the statement is really suggesting that the Air Force powers-that-be, in an effort to discharge the folks it doesn’t want anymore, simply would threaten to relocate them to Del Rio in hopes that they would leave the Air Force voluntarily.  True or not, I’ve seen many families chose to leave the Air Force instead of relocate to Del Rio.

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Laughlin AFB Training Aircraft
Who did you piss off?  That was what one coworker (who had never been to Del Rio personally) asked when he heard that’s where I was headed before my family arrived over three years ago, implying that perhaps I drew the short stick in the bureaucratic game of duty location assignments – and that the Air Force was simply trying to weed me out. While Laughlin AFB doesn’t have the most glamorous mission of undergraduate flight training while other military bases actively train for warfighting,  the surrounding community of Del Rio is what would make or break the deal for me. Assignment accepted.
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San Felipe Creek, Downtown Del Rio
After three years in Del Rio, the Air Force certainly did weed me and my family out, voluntarily.  Not to avoid Del Rio, but instead rather to embrace the town further.  We were ready to leave the military, but not Del Rio. 
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Photo Courtesy of Del Rio Grande Magazine
Most military people looked at me sideways when they heard the news of my family staying put in Del Rio after I exited the military.  While the vast majority of the exiting force counts the days til they see this part of Texas in the rear-view mirror en-route to larger cities, higher-paying jobs, and cooler weather, they can’t seem to understand why we would stay.  ​
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Old Sign Outside of Del Rio, Texas
Here's Why:

The People
If you’ve ever relocated a few times in your life, you know as well as I do that the people make or break the location, not the other way around.  Of all the places I’ve lived, Del Rio – by a long shot – is home to the friendliest people. Texas, by-and-large, is home to nice people, especially in the more rural areas.
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Flag Tribute at the Annual Independence Day Rodeo (Photo from Del Rio Grande Magazine)
​Growing up on the West Coast, people aren’t friendly.  It’s not uncommon to simply feel like you are just in their way - an inconvenience - and sucked into the rat-race of keeping-up-with-the-Jones’.  In Del Rio, no one cares if you drive a $70K SUV (although you might not fit in…) or an old clunker that is one lug nut from not passing inspection this year.  You can own a $300K home, or rent a $600 apartment, and your kids can attend the same school. And, vastly different from the beaches of Southern California, you can strike up a conversation with a total stranger – anywhere – they’ll tell you they’re life story, simply for the sake of having a neighborly conversation.  Folks are genuine, here.
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Downtown Del Rio, Texas
​In Del Rio, I’ve had total strangers at the downtown creek-side park invite me to their barbecues. No hidden agenda, just hospitality. When my daughter was born, every lady in H-E-B (local grocery store) found their way to the aisle I was on to meet her.  On her first birthday party, our house was so full we had to move most of it outside with the sprinklers on (it was hot).  Her second one we held at the church, a smashing hit. Not because she is all-that (she thinks she is, like all two-year-olds), but because Del Rio is a family where a sense of community is important.  If you embrace it, it will embrace you.     
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Sunset in Del Rio, Texas
The Beauty
Dirty, dusty border town? Sure, it is somewhat of a desert climate – hot and relatively dry – but the area does have its green season most years with plenty of rainfall.  It also gets a mild winter from time to time – but rarely snow. 
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The Devils River near Del Rio, Texas
​Unlike many desert locations, however, the area also has numerous rivers, Lake Amistad, and Hill Country all within an hour’s drive.  Sunrises and sunsets are beautiful, and wide-open spaces are plentiful and filled with wildlife.  It’s common to see deer in your front yard in town, and just out of town you can find aoudad (big-horn sheep), numerous types of deer, birds, hogs, varmints, and mountain lions.
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Desert Landscape Near Del Rio, Texas
​Lake Amistad is one of the clearest lakes in Texas and straddles the international border with unlimited gorgeous desert scenery and great fishing and boating.  The Devils River is also a paradise with ultra-pure waters.  The Pecos River and Rio Grande both make big cuts into the desert plateau and are frequented by kayakers.  Many locals float down portions of the Rio, as well as other local Hill Country rivers like the Nueces, Sabinal, and Frio Rivers. 
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Val Verde County Sheriff's Office Deputies
The Security
Del Rio is one of the safest cities in Texas.  With a crime rate of about half of the national-average according to City-Data.com, Del Rio is an extremely secure town.  For a population of about 35,000 residents, law enforcement departments include Del Rio Police Department, San Felipe-Del Rio School District Police Department, Val Verde County Sheriff’s Department, Val Verde County Constable, U.S. Border Patrol and Customs, Texas Highway Patrol, Texas Game Warden, U.S. Park Rangers, FBI, DEA, and U.S. Marshalls.  There might be a few I missed, but the point is that criminal activity is highly discouraged due to the shear number of law enforcement officials scattered throughout the town. 

​I never worry about my wife and daughter out and about anytime during the day or night – crime is so rare, especially violent crime.  Even Acuña – Del Rio’s sister-city across the border – is frequented by Del Rioans daily with few problems.
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Del Rio Community Garden Farmer's Market
The Cost of Living
Cheap! While the housing rental market is rather inflated due to Laughlin AFB, the rest of the town remains very affordable.  Even if you want to buy a house, it’s rather inexpensive, although property taxes and utilities are slightly high in Texas compared to some other states.  However, like much of West Texas, you don’t need a high-paying job to live comfortably. 

​While high-paying jobs outside of federal employment are hard to find, the cost of living allows modest salaries to meet the needs of most families. Some say that it’s only inexpensive because they’re nothing to spend your money on – but that’s far from the truth.  My wife and daughter stay busy every day in the community enjoying free – or very inexpensive – entertainment and activities. 
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Beer Garden Event - Del Rio Parks Foundation
​While Del Rio doesn’t have a wide variety of shopping choices, prices are low.  Movie tickets are between $4-6 a pop.  The Whitehead Museum, Del Rio Community Garden, Civic Center, Del Rio Chamber of Commerce, The Dr. Alfredo Gutierrez Amphitheater, the Lake Amistad Recreation Area routinely hold free events.  The Paul Poag Theatre also holds regular musicals and other shows at reasonable prices.
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The Upstagers
The Opportunity
Too many people never see Del Rio – they give up the opportunity before they even arrive.  Others do relocate with the military or federal service, reluctantly, but come close-minded and ignorant.  They stay holed up on on base at Laughlin AFB or in their house in the north part of the city and Del Rio doesn’t even get a fair shot.  If my wife and I came to Del Rio with the preconceived notion that we would hate it (like many do), then I probably wouldn’t be writing this right now.  But, like the story of a Game Warden’s wife I once met here in Del Rio – she came here kicking and screaming, and left here in tears.
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Annual George Paul Memorial Rodeo (Del Rio Grande Magazine)
​I’ve found that the culture in Del Rio is accepting of newcomers.  Not newcomers that want to make Del Rio a big city, but newcomers that want to contribute to the community – those who take pride in their new city and its culture.  Many Del Rioans want to see the city grow through new ideas and opportunities.  They welcome – with open arms – families that want to help make a positive impact on the community.  Because of this, there are an unlimited number of opportunities for community involvement that will help you and your family in transforming this duty location in a home. 
 
We gave it a shot, embraced it, and in turn it embraced us.
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Doc Holliday's Bar - Del Rio Texas (From Beautiful Del Rio Facebook Page)

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6/4/2018

American Airlines Plane Flies Through New Mexico Hail Storm - With Weather Radar Images

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130 passengers on American Airlines Flight 1897 from San Antonio to Phoenix on Sunday (June 3rd) had a scary ride as their aircraft slammed head-on into a hail storm at 34,000 feet over South-Central New Mexico.  Ultimately,  this aircraft decided to make an emergency landing in El Paso - apparently using on-board instrumentation and a cockpit side-window to land since the windshield was shattered by golf-ball to tennis-ball size hail.  
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From FlightAware.com: Flight Path of American Airlines Flight 1897 on Sunday Evening, June 3rd 2018 With Weather Radar Overlay
A wide swath of thunderstorms - including severe weather - was occurring through West Texas and New Mexico through the afternoon and evening.  The normal jet route would take the Airbus A319 airliner along the same route as the Interstate 10 through West Texas - but due to weather, it appears Air Traffic Control routed traffic above just west of Odessa, Texas to Carlsbad, New Mexico, to near Capitan, New Mexico.  That's where the real trouble began.
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Weather Radar Image From Alamogordo, New Mexico at 8:11PM CDT June 3rd With the Position of American Airlines Flight 1897 When Severe Weather Was Impacted
Attempting to avoid the strongest storms, the flight was routed over the Sierra Blanca mountain range north of Ruidoso, New Mexico, where - at first look on the radar - appears to show a decent break in the weather.  A slight blip of rainfall on the above image is shown just ahead of the nose of the aircraft, but does not appear to be of much significance.  Weather radar on-board the Airbus has not been released, but may have likely showed a different story. Here's what I found when I did some digging... 
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Cross-Sectional Weather Radar Image From Alamogordo, New Mexico at 8:11PM CDT June 3rd With the Position of American Airlines Flight 1897 When Severe Weather Was Impacted. Aircraft was at 34,000 Feet Above Sea-Level - or About 25,000-28,000 Feet Above Ground Level.
As you can see, significant weather radar reflectivity is noted in at the same place as the first image - why the difference?  This is because the first image (top-down look) showed "Base Reflectivity" - the scan of the radar at the lowest level.  The cross-section image shows the entire storm, and is likely to show a bit more of what the on-board weather radar would have shown, although it is possible that the frequency may have been attenuated (degraded by heavy precipitation) at some point - or the angle at which the airplane radar was broadcasted did not solicit correct feedback returns.  
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From FlightAware.com: Flight Path of American Airlines Flight 1897 on Sunday Evening, June 3rd 2018 With Weather Radar Overlay. Time listed is time in Mountain Daylight Time When the Aircraft Successfully Landed in El Paso
From the looks of things based on the top-down view and base-reflectivity imagery, this route appears to be the best way around a long line of storms.  However - the atmospheric cross-section above proved that this was one of the worst places to cross. 

Unfortunatly, this part of New Mexico is plagued by some radar dead-spots.  It's rural, and the nearest radar (Alamogordo) sits on the west side of a mountain while this aircraft was approaching from the east - and the weather was on this east side of the mountain - making it a bit more difficult to "see".  
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Clovis, New Mexico Weather Radar Image at 8:12PM CDT June 3rd With the Position of American Airlines Flight 1897 When Severe Weather Was Impacted.
The next nearest radar on the east side of the mountain  (Clovis, New Mexico) is about 120 miles from the site of the incident.  This is much further away than the Alamogordo radar (only 45 miles away), but due to terrain and the radar scan tilt at that distance, it actually captured a better view of the storm. This base-reflectivity, top-down radar image (above) shows a different story. 

Why did Air Traffic route this aircraft into a hail storm?  How come the pilots didn't "see" this weather and avoid it?  The investigation will likely tell on this one, but it certainly wouldn't have been my advice.  Fortunately, a miraculous landing in El Paso with little visibility out of a shattered windshield concluded this flight - nothing less than expert piloting figuring that one out.  

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